The International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Computer Networks & Communications. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Computer Networks & data Communications. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the Computer Networks & Communications.

This article develops the concept of “epistemic obligation” as a new foundation for human responsibility in the Anthropocene, one that is based neither on ontological superiority nor on instrumental utility. It demonstrates that responsibility follows directly from the epistemic capacity to anticipate consequences, thereby resolving the tension between biological equivalence and the necessity of human action. The model offers a theoretical framework for a life-centered ethics that provides concrete guidelines for political decision-making and intergenerational justice without hierarchical assumptions.

The poster is about an existing library greening project that was motivated by the community it serves, a hospitality community. The project is designed to enhance the learning environment through the integration of indoor plants, edible herbs, and ornamental palms, while promoting sustainability, wellness, and experiential learning aligned with the hospitality sector. In addition to this, a correx board with the names and health benefits of all the herbs available in the premise is strategically mounted in the Resource Centre as part of information resources to educate the patrons. The objective of this project is to improve indoor air quality and comfort within the library, create a calming, green, and visually appealing learning environment, introduce edible and herbal plants relevant to hospitality and culinary education, promote sustainability and environmental awareness among students and staff, and enhance institutional branding through green design.

Over the course of his remarkable career, Brad Gushue set a new standard of curling excellence. Born in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Gushue quickly rose through the sports ranks; his incredible promise becoming evident when he won the 2001 World Junior Curling Championship and reaching a defining moment in the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, when he led Team Canada to a gold medal. For over a quarter of a century, Brad Gushue has competed at the highest level, skipping his team to a record-setting six Briers and representing Canada at numerous international tournaments. In this very personal and honest memoir, Brad Gushue, along with award-winning journalist Stephen Brunt, reflects on his remarkable life and career. From the geographical challenges of competing on the mainland, to having to make difficult decisions in fine-tuning his team’s roster, even if it meant replacing long-time friends, to sharing thoughts on his final competitive season and the decision to step away from the sport he loves, the book offers readers rare insights into Gushue's journey to the top of Canadian sports. Gushue: The Making of a Champion also offers provocative opinions on the future of curling, what it means to be a leader, the importance of family, and the profound impact that the people and landscape of Newfoundland and Labrador have had in shaping Gushue as a person and a competitor.

THE LIFE AND LEGACY OF BRAD GUSHUEFrom the rugged shores of Newfoundland to the pinnacle of Olympic achievement, Brad Gushue’s story is one of determination, resilience, leadership, and an unwavering commitment to excellence. The Life and Legacy of Brad Gushue chronicles the remarkable journey of one of Canada’s most accomplished curlers—from his early introduction to the sport and the challenges of growing up in Newfoundland to his rise as a world-class athlete and Olympic champion. Through years of intense competition, unexpected setbacks, personal sacrifice, and extraordinary victories, Gushue built a legacy that extends far beyond the curling rink. His historic Olympic triumph became a defining moment in Canadian curling and established him as one of the sport’s most influential figures. This book explores the journey behind the medals—the discipline, teamwork, perseverance, and mental strength required to compete at the highest level. It also examines the lasting impact of Gushue’s career on Canadian curling and the inspiration his achievements have provided to generations of athletes. Whether you are a lifelong curling fan, a follower of Canadian sports, or simply drawn to stories of perseverance and greatness, this book offers an engaging look at the life, career, and enduring legacy of a Newfoundland curler who reached the Olympic summit. Discover the story behind the champion—and the legacy that continues to inspire.

At the World Library and Information Congress (WLIC) 2026, thought-leaders from the library field and beyond were invited to discuss how libraries can power transformation in key areas. Through the session, a consistent message emerged: libraries are not simply responding to transformation, but can actively enable and shape it. You are invited to imagine a future where libraries help shape more connected, safe, and inclusive cities and communities. Use this Discussion Paper to spark further conversation, imagination, and action.

At the World Library and Information Congress (WLIC) 2026, thought-leaders from the library field and beyond were invited to discuss how libraries can power transformation in key areas. In this session, a consistent message emerged: libraries are already equipped with an important tool for transformation: their role as trusted providers of knowledge and their close connection to communities. You are invited to imagine how libraries can contribute to a greener, more resilient and equitable future. Use this Discussion Paper to spark further conversation, imagination, and action.

Four- or higher-order fermionic condensates can form in non-BCS multicomponent superconductors. Here, the authors present spectroscopic evidence for pairing correlations that appear well above the superconducting critical temperature in the highly overdoped Ba\($_1\ensuremath-x$\)K\($_x$\)Fe\($_2$\)As\($_2$\) system with broken time-reversal symmetry (BTRS). The NMR and \($\ensuremath\mu$\)SR findings show that multicomponent superconductivity appears homogeneously throughout the entire sample volume and that the BTRS state is unrelated to conventional spin magnetism.

The authors present here results from electrical magnetotransport measurements on microstructures of altermagnetic CrSb in pulsed fields up to 68 T. They study the temperature and field-orientation dependence of magnetic quantum oscillations in combination with first-principles calculations. The observed frequency spectrum agrees well with density functional theory calculations that take spin-orbit coupling into account, without invoking significant \($a\phantom\rule00exd$\) \($h\phantom\rule00exo\phantom\rule00exc$\) band shifts. The findings validate the predicted electronic band structure of CrSb hosting multiple semimetallic bands and a locally alternating spin polarization.

To advance understanding of socially constructed motherhood and sport, researchers are exploring elite athlete mothers’ sporting comebacks on social media (e.g. Instagram). The role of community aspects (e.g. belongingness, trust) linked to athlete mothers’ sporting career negotiation in digital media holds potential to expand understanding of socio-cultural career affordances for these sportswomen. This study explored the sense of community meanings of four Canadian elite curler mothers’ (e.g. (inter)national rankings, winning tournaments) negotiation of sporting career post-partum on Instagram. A total of 217 Instagram posts for each athlete, covering from most recent birth announcements to summer 2024 were segmented into themes related to family, sporting career and community (e.g. curling spaces, fan interactions). Posts were theorized as small stories (e.g. images, everyday moments) shaping big story narrative meaning(s) using dialogical narrative analysis. A big story narrative of growth and stability amidst belongingness was shaped by small stories of striving for excellence and expanding communities and careers . These results provide novel theoretical insight into the normalization of motherhood in elite curling spaces linked with socially constructed community meanings. Small stories revealed tensions intertwined with performance excellence and sporting career expansion, supported through community meanings, for a select few. These findings shed light on motherhood in elite curling, inclusion/equity, maternal rights, and provide future directions for social media research on motherhood and sport.

Analysis of a frustrated pyrochlore spin model demonstrates that thermal fluctuations and parameter-dependent symmetries suppress conventional order to stabilize a magnetic nematic phase.

As the internet and networked systems are increasingly growing, cyberattacks have become a more common occurrence. Therefore, the demand for a highly accurate and efficient Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) has become very important in recent years. Machine learning models have been used to achieve a high rate of accuracy in intrusion detection, but most are “black boxes,” whereby the decisions they make are difficult to understand and explain. This paper introduces an explainable intrusion detection approach that integrates explainable artificial intelligence with a large language model interpretation and machine learning. The NSL-KDD dataset is used to train and test various classification algorithms, such as Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, and XGBoost. The model is the best obtained using grid search CV hyperparameter tuning. Our experimental results showed that using classification XGBoost gave the highest outcome of all succession models. SHAP is used to compute feature importance and explain the model’s predictions for better interpretability. In addition, the framework implements a Large Language Model in order to translate SHAP-level feature-based explanations into a text description understandable to security analysts for making sense of detected attacks. The proposed approach helps to enhance the detection performance and also explains the rationale behind the intrusion detection engine of the Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS), detecting the specific intrusion, thus enhancing the interpretability of the detection results.

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is a conserved viral strategy for expressing polyproteins from compact genomes. Although PRF is traditionally viewed as a structural mechanism, here we show that it functions as a regulatory signal that rewires host translation in favor of viral replication. A minimal SARS-CoV-2 PRF element is sufficient to activate the GCN2 arm of the integrated stress response (ISR) independently of the canonical ISR sensor ZAKα. This activation serves as a temporal switch during early infection to shut off host translation and is required for viral propagation in cells and human airway organoids. Proteomic and genetic screens identify DRG1 and IGF2BP3 as key mediators of PRF-induced GCN2 activation. We further show that this PRF-GCN2 axis is conserved in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and West Nile virus, highlighting its broad relevance across RNA viruses. These findings reveal a sophisticated mechanism of viral translational control, highlighting PRF as a stress-inducing module that enhances viral replication.

The development of future forest deadwood is uncertain, as processes related to deadwood formation (i.e., tree growth and mortality) as well as deadwood decomposition are simultaneously impacted by climate change. To elucidate future deadwood dynamics under scenarios of climate change, we combined a map of current global deadwood stocks with tree growth and mortality rates simulated by five dynamic global vegetation models and a function of climate-dependent deadwood decomposition derived from a global experiment. Deadwood dynamics intensified throughout the 21st century, with both inputs and outputs to global deadwood carbon pools increasing as a result of climate change. However, deadwood formation increased on average 5.0% more strongly than decomposition, suggesting an overall increase in global deadwood in the coming decades. As deadwood is an important nexus of forest carbon and biodiversity, we call for a stronger focus on deadwood in forest policy and management.

Oft heißt es, verantwortlich für den Aufstieg der Rechten sei das Versagen der demokratischen Parteien. Doch der Rechtsruck ist auch Ausdruck einer kulturellen Krise. Bürgerschaftliches Ethos weicht ungehemmt ausgelebtem Narzissmus vor allem im AfD-Milieu.

Individual-nucleotide resolution UV crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) enables transcriptome-wide mapping of RNA-binding protein (RBP)-RNA interactions. Here, we present iCLIP version 3 (iCLIP3), a streamlined protocol optimized for generating high-quality iCLIP libraries from low-input material. We describe steps for near-infrared visualization of RBP-RNA complexes, silica column-based RNA isolation, and unique dual indexing using TruSeq adapters for cost-effective multiplexing and sequencing. We detail a complete bioinformatics workflow to identify crosslinking events and define RBP binding sites from raw sequencing data.

RNAanalyzer3 ("RNA analyzer cubic"; https://rnaanalyzer.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de) substitutes the frequently consulted current RNAanalyzer webserver (https://rnaanalyzer-old.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de). RNAanalyzer3 is free/open via the secure HTTPS protocol, with example data, help and tutorial, web-link to results, and rich data output. We combine a general detailed structure analysis with motif analyses. It accepts either a single plain-text nucleotide sequence or batch submission in FASTA format, which can be pasted or uploaded as a FASTA file. Our tool (i) has up-to-date software and operating systems, (ii) combines diverse RNA motif analyses with RNA structure prediction, (iii) puts found motifs into structural context, and (iv) offers dedicated tools for probing RNA-protein binding interactions. RNAanalyzer3 links motif searches to Rfam and miRNA search to miRbase. It focuses on structural features first, looks for stem-loops, hairpins, and specific enrichment regions such as stem-GG pairs, plus AU-rich regions with their locations for easier identification, while providing structural context and interactive RNA structure visualization. A tabulated overview shows all RNA features including structure details, coding potential, untranslated regions (UTRs, including Shine-Dalgarno sequences, Kozak sequences, and polyadenylation signals), transfer RNA (tRNA), microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), trans-splicing motifs, iron response elements (IRE), riboswitches, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) motifs, and spliceosomal Sm-sites.

Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is a fundamental step in human gene regulation, and aberrant splicing is frequently linked to complex diseases, including cancer. All splicing events, such as skipping or inclusion of an alternative exon (AE) and intron retention (IR), are regulated by a common molecular machinery, the spliceosome. However, it remains elusive how the spliceosome coordinates different splicing decisions. Here, we analyzed a large-scale mutagenesis screen and transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing data to show that intron retention adjacent to alternative exons most commonly occurs at intermediate inclusion levels. Using data-driven mathematical modeling, we revealed that multistep exon recognition mediated by spliceosome assembly and maturation explains the observed AE-IR dependency for cis-acting sequence mutations and upon knockdown of trans-acting RNA-binding proteins. Furthermore, we found that multistep exon recognition is commonly perturbed in a transcriptome-wide manner in cancer cells, which leads to the coordinated deregulation of IR and AE decisions. In total, our work suggests that stepwise alternative exon recognition by the spliceosome coordinates AE inclusion and the retention of flanking introns, which may facilitate the search for common molecular mechanisms for mis-splicing in cancer.

Modern Network Intrusion Detection Systems require constant adaptation to new attacks, making the application of Machine Learning (ML) based solutions attractive. The application of such systems in real-world applications require robust solutions that work well under data alterations and are robust against adversarial attacks. The literature includes several works focusing on the robustness of (ML-based) Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) models, but it remains unclear which aspects of robustness are relevant, well-researched, or need of further investigation. Furthermore, the existing literature lacks a structured overview due to the varying experimental setups, particularly the differences in the benchmark datasets, NIDS models, and the scope of robustness. This work aims to close this gap by reviewing recent studies on the robustness of ML-based intrusion detection from 2021 to 2025, with the goal of structuring the landscape of experimental setups and the varying definitions and scopes of robustness. Our review reveals significantly different setups that hinder result comparison, making it difficult for practitioners to select appropriate approaches and for researchers to establish consistent benchmarks and advance development. To address this, we propose benchmarking setups for robustness in ML-based NIDS systems to enable a systematic comparison of approaches.

In practical use, language models (LM) must efficiently adapt to new tasks and knowledge while avoiding catastrophic forgetting, a requirement that sparked research on continual learning (CL). Despite advances, current CL methods still lack a unified solution that delivers strong knowledge transfer and parameter-efficient capacity management while preventing catastrophic forgetting, which limits effective use of task synergies under tight training and memory budgets. We bridge this gap by introducing Gated Expandable Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (GE-PEFT), a novel approach that shares knowledge of previous tasks through leveraging a single, dynamically expanding PEFT module within LMs while selectively gating irrelevant previous tasks. Our experiments across multiple task-incremental CL benchmarks show that GE-PEFT outperforms existing state-of-the-art CL approaches in both full CL and few-shot settings. Our ablation and parameter sensitivity studies highlight the benefit of each proposed component, demonstrating that GE-PEFT offers a more efficient and adaptive solution for CL in LMs.

Anythink Libraries opened the doors of the Anythink Nature Library, billed as the first public nature library in the United States, at 11 a.m. on August 8, welcoming thousands of visitors on its first day. The 33,000 square foot building sits on a 15-acre campus in Thornton, CO, adjacent to 140 acres of open land that the library will activate through programming. Maria Mayo-Peaseley, the Nature Library's branch manager, encountered the Environmental Kinship Model at an environmental educators' conference in 2023 and brought it back to the design team. The model sorts a person's relationship with the natural world into four modes, each with its own vocabulary: learning about nature (inquiry, study, initiative); learning in nature (accessibility, exploration, engagement, agency); learning with nature (relationship, participation, connection, spirit); and learning for nature (guardianship, responsibility, sustainability). The library is physically oriented around those four pillars---and adds a fifth, an Indigenous collection that ``honors ancestral wisdom and deep connection to the land,'' according to the library's planning materials.

Présentez-vous à la bibliothèque Maurice-Loranger avec votre carte d'abonnement pour faire votre sélection. Des documents sur la plantation et la récolte sont également offerts sur place. Les personnes abonnées au réseau des Bibliothèques peuvent obtenir gratuitement jusqu'à 5 sachets de semences (légumes, fleurs ou herbes). Vous avez des semences inutilisées? Basé sur le principe du partage, vous pouvez en faire profiter d'autres personnes. Afin d'assurer le succès des semences et éviter l'hybridation, les variétés sans pesticides, sans herbicides, sans engrais chimiques et issues d'une pollinisation non croisée sont privilégiées. Les graines sont évaluées avant d'être intégrées à la banque de Biblio-Semences.

From the first slides as a toddler at her hometown Winnipeg curling club to the top step of the Olympic podium, Jennifer Jones has risen to become one of curling’s greatest players. Along the way, she has altered how the game is played and has kicked open doors to allow women to have equality in what was, traditionally, a male-dominated field. Her record of achievement is unmatched, but it never came easily. In Rock Star, Jones opens up about the tensions between teammates and opponents, how she combined law school and a legal career with curling at the highest level, the inside story on what many consider the greatest shot in curling history, how her Olympic dream almost ended on a ski hill in Switzerland, and the challenges of balancing world-class curling with motherhood. Jones also reveals the personal battles she endured during her career. While she was front and centre in arenas and television coverage, she had to push herself past her severe introversion to find some level of comfort with being in the spotlight. There were also clashes with the media, which sometimes portrayed her so harshly that it left her in tears. The journey Jones shares in this memoir is one that may surprise even her biggest fans. Jones helped to grow the sport, and in exchange, she grew as a curler, a wife, a mother, and a public figure. Equal parts inspiring and shocking, Rock Star will leave readers in awe of her accomplishments and the journey that led her to become the person she is today.

The detection of scenes in literary texts is a recently introduced segmentation task in computational literary studies. Its goal is to partition a fictional text into segments that are coherent across the dimensions time, space, action and character constellation. This task is very challenging for automatic methods, since it requires a high-level understanding of the text. In this paper, we provide a thorough analysis of the State of the Art and challenges in this task, identifying and solving a problem in the training procedure for previous approaches, analysing the generalisation capabilities of the models and comparing the BERT-based SotA to current Llama models, as well as providing an analysis of what causes errors in the models. Our change in training procedure provides a significant increase in performance. We find that Llama-based models are more robust to different types of texts, while their overall performance is slightly worse than that of BERT-based models.

Auf der Basis des Betriebsverfassungsgesetzes können Betriebsräte soziale, ökonomische und ökologische Themen verhandeln und damit einen betriebspolitischen Beitrag zur Nachhaltigkeit leisten. Diese Studie untersucht, welche Nachhaltigkeitsthemen dabei im Fokus stehen und auf welchen Wegen diese Themen nachhaltig im Unternehmen verankert werden. Dazu wurden Betriebsvereinbarungen zu Nachhaltigkeitsthemen aus dem Betriebs- und Dienstvereinbarungsarchiv der Hans-Böckler-Stiftung analysiert, explorative Experteninterviews geführt und umfangreiche Betriebsfallstudien durchgeführt.

The hybrid method is a combination of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, the Profile Matching method, and the Composite Performance Index (CPI) method, which is used as a process in a decision support system (DSS) to select the best performing lecturers. The selection process requires a systematic mechanism to ensure consistency and transparency in making decisions. So this study used a hybrid method with the criteria listed in the teaching and learning scorecard and the results of student evaluations for selecting the best-performing lecturers. This research aims to provide knowledge about the computed value of the priority level and consistency ratio of criteria from the AHP method, as well as the competence GAP value from profile matching and the ranking value for each alternative using the CPI method. Results showed that the hybrid method succeeded in calculating the weight value of the level of importance and the criteria consistency ratio of 0.049 and was able to determine the best-performing lecturer from 46 alternatives as a candidate with the highest ranking score of 141.12.

We prove a structural result for orientation-preserving actions of finitely generated solvable groups on real intervals, considered up to semi-conjugacy. As applications we obtain new answers to a problem first considered by J. F. Plante, which asks under which conditions an action of a solvable group on a real interval is semi-conjugate to an action on the line by affine transformations. We show that this is always the case for actions by \($C^1$\) diffeomorphisms on closed intervals. For arbitrary actions by homeomorphisms, for which this result is no longer true (as shown by Plante), we show that a semi-conjugacy to an affine action still exists in a local sense, at the level of germs near the endpoints. Finally for a vast class of solvable groups, including all solvable linear groups, we show that the family of affine actions on the line is robust, in the sense that any action by homeomorphisms on the line which is sufficiently close to an affine action must be semi-conjugate to an affine action. This robustness fails for general solvable groups, as illustrated by a counterexample.

The smartphone usage among people is increasing rapidly. With the phenomenal growth of smartphone use, smartphone theft is also increasing. This paper proposes a model to secure smartphones from theft as well as provides options to access a smartphone through other smartphone or a normal mobile via Short Message Service. This model provides option to track and secure the mobile by locking it. It also provides facilities to receive the incoming call and sms information to the remotely connected device and enables the remote user to control the mobile through SMS. The proposed model is validated by the prototype implementation in Android platform. Various tests are conducted in the implementation and the results are discussed.

Embedded applications usually impose tight constraints upon their code efficiency, which entail elaborate code optimization on the hotspot of the programs. In order to identify the hotspot, we propose an effective and easy-use loop-centric profiling method in this paper. In our proposed method, a code isolation step is first applied on the original code, which extracts all the candidate loops at source level and keeps the original semantic unchanged. Then we can use an off-the-shelf profiling tool to identify our interested loops in the program on a given platform. Our method is retargetable as long as the profiler for the target platform is available. In our experiments, we tested our method using the MPEG-2 decoder application on ARM platform, and we can see that the results provide helpful information for further optimization on the application code.

Performance of computationally intensive applications often depends critically on the floating point and memory performance of nested loop structures, this paper describes extensions to the Tuning Analysis and Utilities (TAU) parallel performance system that implement automated of parallel C/C++ and Fortran programs to collect loop-level profile data. Link-time and run-time options for configuring the instrumented version of the code to perform various types of measurements, such as time and hardware counter based profiling are described. Finally, examples are given of collecting and analyzing loop-level profile data for several DoD applications