Forecasting of the Traffic Situation in the Hannover Region

The main requirement of road traffic participants is to know the current traffic situation. Such data is typically obtained from routing services where the time of many different individual trips is taken into account.

In the context of Data4UrbanMobility tools were developed that allow to predict the traffic situation based on such time series data. The following figure presents an interface to visualize typical time series patterns as well as outliers present in the data:

The prediction of the traffic situation is made available in the form of a map based interface for the end user:

Data4UrbanMobility Data Protection Regulation

The work on the Data4UrbanMobility data protection regulation is completed. The document is publicly available and can be found here.

First Version of MiC-App Available

A first version of the novel MiC-App (Move in the City) App is now available for D4UM-associates as well as a protected group of public users. The mobile MiC-App is a tool to gather data.

MiC was developed by the Institute for Sustainable Urbanism at the University of Braunschweig and the Projektionisten GmbH. MiC links the growing  awareness of  digital citizen rights with the potential of evaluation big datasets. Therefore MiC gives the opportunity to citizen to actively participate in a citizen science project to take part in the development of the mobility of the feature.

MiC gathers data of the users movement, where the user has the about which data should be recorded. All data is pseudonymised such that the privacy of the contributing citizen is ensured.

Current Status:

In the first version of the app, the user can easily start and end the tracking of his/her movement. It is worth to point out, that the user decides when he is tracked and when not. A summary of his/her activity is available for the user as well as the opportunity to issue feedback or even delete all of his contributed data.

Updated System with Dashboard V2

With the new version of our system,  the dashboard will provide even more insights into the impact of public events on the traffic situation.

The coloring and labels let us easily distinguish between the different type of events. By clicking on the label we show the typically affected subgraph for that event type. This allows the user to check what specific routes are typically affected by an event at that location.

Examples: Visualisation of a concert and a football game.

In addition, the graph at the top right gives additional information on how big the impact around the events start time tends to be.

{API}
We enriched the api endpoints with additional information from the data models that were developed as part of the research efforts.

D4UM App Version 1.0

We just released the first Version of the D4UM App. Every project member now has access to the application and can try out its features. Let’s quickly go over some of its main features.
The EFA integration (EFA is a routing engine covering Lower Saxony and Bremen ) allows for quick access to tip information using all available public transport options. Our focus, when designing the application, was on quick and easy navigation to provide a simple and easy to use trip planning tool.

Departures and Connections

On the departure screen we show the user the closes stops for public transportation in his immediate vicinity. On the connection screen the user can fill in his desired starting location( either an address or an existing stop ) and destination and query for what connections are available to him. The provided information contains real time data , meaning we are able to visualized delays for any given connection.

Map

On the map screen you can see and or find all available stops of public transportation. This allows for providing the user with a great way to find out what stops are available in their city. By clicking on any of the shown stops will open the departure screen and provide you with the information mentioned above. To better visualize a selected connection, we show the route you plan to travel on the map.

Menu / Settings

Additional features can be found in the settings menu of the application. Here you can find settings that allow you to customize your routing results for both the departures and connection screen. The best way to let us know what you think about the application is to use the feedback module. This can be found here as well. First click on the emoji that best describe how you feel about the app. And then put in any additional information or ideas or thoughts you may have. Now what is left is just to press send and you will send us an email.

We look forward to hearing from you.

Quantification  and Prediction of Impact of Public Events

Current Data4UrbanMobility research results allow for measuring and prediction of spatial impact on road traffic of public events. Connected, affected street segments nearby public events are identified to measure the spatial impact. The approach is depicted in the following figure:

(Karte von https://www.openstreetmap.org)

An event is marked as yellow dot, affected streets in red and the measured impact in dark blue. Moreover, an approach making use of machine learning algorithms was developed to predict the impact determined in this way, resulting an error-reduction of up to 40% when compared to existing state-of-the-art approaches.

D4UM – Platform V1 Released

The first version of the Data4UrbanMobiltiy platform has been released. The platform was designed and implemented following a 3-tier-architecture. The platform provides RESTfull Web services for mobility applications like dashboards or mobile apps. As a demonstration, an interactive map application has been developed that visualizes the spatial impact of public events. The following figure shows a screenshot of the application.

The figure shows 4 public events in the city of Hannover. The colors represent different types of public events (e.g. concerts, fairs, sport events). The circles visualize the spatial impact on road traffic caused by the public events.

Comprehensive Set of Requirements

The Data4UrbanMobility analysis of requirements includes requirements of the application partners Region Hannover (RH) and Wolfsburg AG (WAG) as well as non functional requirements. The requirements were collected by MOMA. The L3S derived research question for data analysis which are based  on the requirements of RH and WAG. The research question address especially the information needs of end-users.

The current research questions particularly include

1. Automated verification of traffic warnings and prediction of their impact
2. Identification of events and prediction of their impact
3. Investigation of correlation of road traffic data, public transportation query logs, traffic warnings and twitterfeeds
4. Determination of optimal traveling timepoints

Growing Data Collection

ISU create a comprehensive data matrix containing potential source of mobility related data. The Data4UrbanMobility data model describes all project relevant data sets and sets them into context. This makes the data available in a unified manor for both analysis and applications. The selected data sources were transformed according to the Data4UrbanMobility data model by L3S. The data quality of selected data sources (i.e. public transportation query logs and road traffic data) was examined.

Tools for extracting the relevant information from the datasets were developed to enable the integration of the datasets.

• Street and graph extraction from OpenStreetMap
• Bulkloader for public transportation queries
• Integration of “Zentrales Haltestellen Verzeichniss” (central registry of public transportation stops)

The current collection (December 12th 2017) contians

EFA-Logs: 17 million public transportation queries
Road traffic data: 174 thousand street sements with a frequency of 15 minutes
GTFS-data: 90 thousand. public transportation stops, 2.6 thousand routes
Weather: Radolan “Regenraster” (rain grid)
Twitter: 2,5 Mio. Tweets starting at June 2017

OSM: 440 thousand streets 
Events: 21 thousand public events (August 14th 2016-July 17th 2018)

Traffic warnings: 13 thousand warning (since June 2017)

Visualization of Public Transportation Information

In order to allow intuitive analytics of public transportation information, the PROJEKTIONISTEN (PROJ) developed a dashboard web application. First prototypes visualize queries addressed to the regional timetable information system EFA (www.efa.de). The prototypes serve as foundations for exploration analyses as well as the implementation of future versions of the dashboard. The following figure shows an integrated visualization of the most frequent origins and destinations of the queries.

Analysen der EFA-Logs

Analysis of EFA Public Transportation Query Logs

Analyses regarding the impact of public events on public transportation are currently conducted to address early research questions. To this extend, explorative data analyses of the impact of major public events such as football games and medium sized events such as concerts were conducted. Visual analytics were used as a first step towards comprehensive analyses, which show start-like patterns for city center which identify mobility hubs of central importance.

The figure shows the direct connection between origin and destination of public transportation queries. Darker colors correspond to more frequent queried trips. Star-like pattern identify the central train station and the central metro station.

Analyses of single stations reveal weekday dependent patterns.

The figure depicts the average number of queries with the destination “Hannover Stadionbrücke”. Differences emerge between Weekends and workdays.

The impact of public events on the queries can be visualized  as well.

The figure shows the number of queries with the Destination “Hannover Stadionbrücke” for Wednesday, April 26th 2017 (orange) as well as the average number of queries on a Wednesday for the same destination. On this day a concert took place in venue nearby. The concert start at 8 pm. The significant deviations between 5 pm and 7 pm is highly likely to be caused by visitors of the concert. This shows that public transportation queries are a valuable information source to investigate the impact of public events on mobility infrastructure.

• Effective change management is essential in a rapidly evolving world, especially given transformation initiatives' historically high failure rate. Harnessing technological advances offers promising ways forward, with Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) being the latest hotly debated trend. The ability to generate content without human intervention raises the prospect of process improvement and increases augmentation and automation within organizations. Using a DSR methodology and insights from literature, expert interviews, and a quantitative survey, this paper develops a framework for integrating GenAI into the change management process. The findings reveal GenAI's potential to support constant communication during change initiatives and highlight general automation potential in monitoring and measuring progress. It should be noted that this does not necessarily require the use of GenAI. Experts concur that human involvement is essential for validating results and managing sensitive situations. Consequently, they consider augmentation a more expedient approach and believe full automation is currently unfeasible.
• Quasimolecular electronic structure of the trimer iridate Ba\($_\mathbf4$\)NbIr\($_\mathbf3$\)O\($_\mathbf12$\). Magnaterra, M.; Sandberg, A.; Schilling, H.; Warzanowski, P.; Pätzold, L.; Bergamasco, E.; Sahle, Ch. J.; Detlefs, B.; Ruotsalainen, K.; Moretti Sala, M.; Monaco, G.; Becker, P.; Faure, Q.; Thakur, G. S.; Songvilay, M.; Felser, C.; van Loosdrecht, P. H. M.; van den Brink, J.; Hermanns, M.; Grüninger, M. (2025). 111(8) 085122.
• Datavzrd: Rapid programming- and maintenance-free interactive visualization and communication of tabular data. Wiegand, Felix; Lähnemann, David; Mölder, Felix; Uzuner, Hamdiye; Prinz, Adrian; Schramm, Alexander; Köster, Johannes (2025).

  Tabular data, often scattered across multiple tables, is the primary output of data analyses in virtually all scientific fields. Exchange and communication of tabular data is therefore a central challenge. We present Datavzrd, a tool for creating portable, visually rich, interactive reports from tabular data in any kind of scientific discipline. Datavzrd unifies the strengths of currently common generic approaches for interactive visualization like R Shiny with the portability, ease of use and sustainability of plain spreadsheets. The generated reports do not require the maintenance of a web server nor the installation of specialized software for viewing and can simply be attached to emails, shared via cloud services, or serve as manuscript supplements. They can be specified without requiring imperative programming, thereby enabling rapid development and offering accessibility for non-computational scientists, unlocking the look and feel of dedicated manually crafted web applications without the maintenance and development burden. Datavzrd reports scale from small tables to thousands or millions of rows and offer the ability to link multiple related tables, allowing to jump between corresponding rows or hierarchically explore growing levels of detail.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.
• Comparative Analysis of POX and RYU SDN Controllers in Scalable Networks. Chandimal Jayawardena, Jay Chen; Bu, Lin (N. Meghanathan, ed.) (2025, March).

  This paper explores the Quality of Service (QoS) performance of two widely used Software-Defined Networking (SDN) controllers, POX and Ryu, using Mininet for network simulation. SDN, a transformative approach to network architecture, separates the control and data planes, enabling centralized management, improved agility, and cost-effective solutions. The study evaluates key QoS parameters, including throughput, delay, and jitter, to understand the capabilities and limitations of the POX and Ryu controllers in handling traffic under diverse network topologies. The research employs a systematic methodology involving the design of custom network topologies, implementation of OpenFlow rules, and analysis of controller behavior under simulated conditions. Results reveal that while POX offers simplicity and ease of use, making it suitable for smaller-scale applications and experimentation, Ryu provides superior scalability and adaptability for more complex network environments. The findings highlight the strengths and challenges of each controller, providing valuable insights for organizations seeking to optimize SDN deployment. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on SDN technologies and their role in building scalable, efficient, and resilient network infrastructures.
• Comprehensive Privacy Prеsеrvation for Imagеs and Vidеos using Machinе Learning and Encryption. Halakate; Tanaji, Abhishek; Shambhavi; Ayushma; Dule; Suryabhan, Chhaya (2025). 31(3) 365–375.

  Purpose – This paper aims to understand how students experience the search tools Google Scholar and Metalib and the role of prior instruction. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 32 undergraduate students searched academic articles for their thesis work. Searches were recorded using Morae software and were analysed along with the number of articles saved and responses to a questionnaire. All searched with both tools. Half of the students received training before searching. Findings – Google Scholar performed better in almost all measures. Training had a positive effect on the amount and quality of articles saved. Responses to Google Scholar were more positive than to Metalib. However, the students were not overwhelmingly enthusiastic about either of the tools. Research limitations/implications – Each Metalib implementation is to some extent unique, which limits the extent to which results can be generalised to other implementations. Practical implications – Training is valuable for both tools. The user interface to Metalib does not conform with students' expectations and needs further improvement. Both tools strive to be a first alternative search tool for academic literature but neither performed well enough in this study to recommend it to be used in that role in an academic library setting. Originality/value – These tools are important to academic libraries but few user studies have been published, particularly on Google Scholar. To one's knowledge no other user study on these tools has looked at the effects of instruction. Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Research methods, Search engines, Students, User interfaces
• Architectural Aspect-Aware Design for IoT Applications: Conceptual Proposal. AlSobeh, Anas M. R.; Magableh, Aws A. (2025). 31(3) 365–375.

  Purpose – This paper aims to understand how students experience the search tools Google Scholar and Metalib and the role of prior instruction. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 32 undergraduate students searched academic articles for their thesis work. Searches were recorded using Morae software and were analysed along with the number of articles saved and responses to a questionnaire. All searched with both tools. Half of the students received training before searching. Findings – Google Scholar performed better in almost all measures. Training had a positive effect on the amount and quality of articles saved. Responses to Google Scholar were more positive than to Metalib. However, the students were not overwhelmingly enthusiastic about either of the tools. Research limitations/implications – Each Metalib implementation is to some extent unique, which limits the extent to which results can be generalised to other implementations. Practical implications – Training is valuable for both tools. The user interface to Metalib does not conform with students' expectations and needs further improvement. Both tools strive to be a first alternative search tool for academic literature but neither performed well enough in this study to recommend it to be used in that role in an academic library setting. Originality/value – These tools are important to academic libraries but few user studies have been published, particularly on Google Scholar. To one's knowledge no other user study on these tools has looked at the effects of instruction. Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Research methods, Search engines, Students, User interfaces
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel (2025).
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel (2025).
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel (2025).
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel (2025).
• Reversible doping and fine-tuning of the Dirac point position in the topological crystalline insulator Pb\($_\mathbf1−x$\)Sn\($_\mathbfx$\)Se via sputtering and annealing process. Odobesko, Artem; Jung, Johannes; Szczerbakow, Andrzej; Korczak, Jędrzej; Story, Tomasz; Bode, Matthias (2025). 7(7) 1885–1891.

  In this study, we utilize scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to detail a sputter- and annealing methodology for preparing atomically clean Pb1−xSnxSe(001) surfaces. We examine the impact these processes have on the surface quality, the composition, and the electronic properties. Our findings demonstrate that annealing temperatures between 250 °C and 280 °C produce smooth surfaces while maintaining the topological properties of Pb1−xSnxSe. Fine control of the annealing temperature also allows for a reversible tuning of the doping level, enabling a positive or negative shift of the Dirac point energy with respect to the Fermi level. Our results highlight the effectiveness of these cleaning methods and demonstrate their potential for future research and applications in topological crystalline insulator materials.
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel (2025).
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel (2025).
• Submersible touchless interactivity in conformable textiles enabled by highly selective overbraided magnetoresistive sensors. Lugoda, Pasindu; Oliveros-Mata, Eduardo Sergio; Marasinghe, Kalana; Bhaumik, Rahul; Pretto, Niccolò; Oliveira, Carlos; Dias, Tilak; Hughes-Riley, Theodore; Haller, Michael; Münzenrieder, Niko; Makarov, Denys (2025). 4(1) 33.

  Miniature electronics positioned within textile braids leverages the persistent flexibility and comfort of textiles constructed from electronics with 1D form factors. Here, we developed touchless interactivity within textiles using 1D overbraided magnetic field sensors. Our integration strategy minimally impacts the performance of flexible giant magnetoresistive sensors, yielding machine-washable sensors that maintain conformability when integrated in traditional fabrics. These overbraided magnetoresistive sensors exhibit a detectivity down to 380 nT and a nearly isotropic magnetoresistance amplitude response, facilitating intuitive touchless interaction. The interactivity is possible even in humid environments, including underwater, opening reliable activation in day-to-day and specialized applications. To showcase capabilities of overbraided magnetoresistive sensors, we demonstrate a functional armband for navigation control in virtual reality environments and a self-monitoring safety helmet strap. This approach bridges the integration gap between on-skin and rigid magnetic interfaces, paving the way for highly reliable, comfortable, interactive textiles across entertainment, safety, and sportswear.
• Digitaler Kolonialismus: Wie Tech-Konzerne und Großmächte die Welt unter sich aufteilen Dachwitz, Ingo; Hilbig, Sven (2025). (2. Aufl. ) C.H. Beck, München.

  Innovativ, mächtig, rücksichtlos: Kaum eine Geschichte wird so oft erzählt wie die vom unaufhaltsamen Aufstieg der Tech-Konzerne an die Spitze der global vernetzten Welt. Nur ein Kapitel wird dabei ausgelassen: Der Preis, den der globale Süden dafür bezahlt. Der Tech-Journalist Ingo Dachwitz und der Globalisierungsexperte Sven Hilbig beleuchten diesen blinden Fleck und zeigen die weltweiten Folgen des digitalen Kolonialismus sowie bestehende Ansätze für eine gerechtere Digitalisierung auf. Soviel steht fest: AI will not fix it.
• IXAII: An Interactive Explainable Artificial Intelligence Interface for Decision Support Systems. Speckmann, Pauline; Nadj, Mario; Janiesch, Christian (2025).
• Unterstützung für die Bewertung von Windenergieflächen. Fichter, Carsten; Peters-Erjawetz, Sandra; Gritzner, Daniel; Ostermann, Jörn (2025). 3 30–34.
• Multi-Flow: Multi-View-Enriched Normalizing Flows for Industrial Anomaly Detection. Kruse, Mathis; Rosenhahn, Bodo (2025).
• From mechanoecology to sensory physiology to olfactory navigation: the Editors’ and Readers’ Choice Awards 2025. Zupanc, Günther K.H.; Rössler, Wolfgang; Warrant, Eric J.; Homberg, Uwe; Arikawa, Kentaro; Helfrich-Förster, Charlotte; Simmons, Andrea Megela (2025).

  In celebration of the excellence of articles published in the Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Editors' and Readers' Choice Awards are annually conferred to the top papers in the categories Original Research Paper and Review/Review-History Article. The recipients of the 2025 Editors' Choice Awards were selected based on votes cast by the Editorial Board on articles published in 2024. In the category Original Research Paper, this distinction goes to 'Tonotopic Ca²⁺ dynamics and sound processing in auditory interneurons of the bush-cricket Mecopoda elongata' by Timothy Bayley and Berthold Hedwig (J Comp Physiol A 210:353--369, 2024). In the category Review/Review-History Article, this distinction goes to 'Mechanoecology: biomechanical aspects of insect-plant interactions' by Gianandrea Salerno, Manuela Rebora, Elena Gorb, and Stanislav Gorb (J Comp Physiol A 210:249--265, 2024). The winners of the 2025 Readers' Choice Awards were determined by the number of online accesses of articles published in 2023. In the category Original Research Paper, the winner is 'Coleoptera claws and trichome interlocking' by Gianandrea Salerno, Manuela Rebora, Silvana Piersanti, Valerio Saitta, Elena Gorb, and Stanislav Gorb (J Comp Physiol A 209:299--312, 2023). In the category Review/Review-History Article, the winner is 'Olfactory navigation in arthropods' by Theresa J. Steele, Aaron J. Lanz, and Katherine I. Nagel (J Comp Physiol A 209:467--488, 2023), which already won the Editors' Choice Award in 2024.
• Feld- und Methodenbericht der IEA Hamburg zur NEPS-Teilstudie A104 Hellrung, Miriam; Hillen, Peter; Hugk, Nina; Meyer-Everdt, Maren; Sievers, Ulrich; Tusch, Stephan (2025). Hamburg, Germany: IEA.
• Evaluating SinergiAPS, an intervention based on patient feedback to improve patient safety in primary care: a cluster randomized trial. Fiol deRoque, Maria Antònia; Valderas, José María; Serrano-Ripoll, María Jesús; Gens-Barbarà, Montserrat; Martín-Luján, Francisco; Sánchez-Freire, Encarna; Montaño, Juan José; Mira-Martínez, Sofía; Pastor-Moreno, Guadalupe; Zamanillo-Campos, Rocío; Riera-Serra, Pau; Ricci-Cabello, Ignacio (2025). 23(1) 202–202.

  BACKGROUND: Patient safety, defined by the WHO as the absence of preventable harm, is a critical component of healthcare quality and poses a significant challenge globally. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of SinergiAPS, a patient-centred audit and feedback intervention, in improving patient safety in primary healthcare (PHC) centres. METHODS: We conducted a 12-month cluster randomized controlled, multicentre trial. Fifty-nine PHC centres (1053 PHC professionals) in Spain were recruited and randomly allocated (1:1) to usual care or SinergiAPS intervention. The SinergiAPS intervention comprised: a bespoke feedback report with results from audits of patient safety based on the Patient Reported Experiences and Outcomes of Safety in Primary Care (PREOS-PC) questionnaire, administered to 75 patients/centre; a set of educational materials, and a structured template to record safety improvement plans. The primary outcome (at the PHC professional level) was patient safety culture (Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture (MOSPSC) questionnaire). Secondary outcomes (at the centre level) were patient-reported safety (six PREOS-PC scales), and rate of avoidable hospital admissions. After a 12-month follow-up, we conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with PHC professionals to explore their perceptions of the intervention. RESULTS: During the 12-month follow-up, 10 of the 30 centres in the intervention group held action plan team meetings and eight registered 57 safety improvement action plans. The plans aimed to improve patient activation, address treatment-related incidents, enhance communication between patients and providers, and strengthen patient safety culture. At 12 months, no significant differences were observed in MOSPSC mean score (intervention: 3.60 [95% CI 3.55 to 3.64] vs. control: 3.64 [3.60 to 3.68]). Similarly, no differences were observed in the secondary outcomes, with both groups experiencing a decline in patient-reported safety and avoidable hospital admissions. The qualitative interviews evidenced that the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic 6-9 weeks after initiating the follow-up period severely limited PHC's capacity of developing and implementing safety improvement action plans, despite high levels of acceptability and perceived utility of the SinergiAPS intervention. CONCLUSIONS: In the context of the health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, SinergiAPS did not improve patient safety in Spanish PHC centres. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03837912).
• Relationship between diabesity and elevated values of metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease risk scales in Spanish workers using body mass index and the body adiposity estimator criteria of Clínica de Navarra. Martínez-Almoyna Rifá, Emilio; López González, Ángel Arturo; Tárraga López, Pedro Juan; Paublini, Hernán; Vallejos, Daniela; Ramírez Manent, José Ignacio (2025). 10.20960/nh.05441-.

  INTRODUCTION: diabesity (coexistence of diabetes and obesity) and metabolic associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are two very frequent pathologies whose prevalence is increasing every day. OBJECTIVE: to find out how these two pathological entities are associated in a group of Spanish workers. METHODOLOGY: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 219477 workers to assess the association between diabesity (applying a double criterion, the body mass index BMI and the Clínica Universitaria de Navarra body adiposity estimator CUN BAE) and different risk scales for MASLD and liver fibrosis. RESULTS: all MASH and liver fibrosis risk scales show higher values in people with diabesity applying the two criteria compared to people without diabesity. CONCLUSION: diabesity and MASLD and liver fibrosis risk scales show a significant association in our study.
• Matrix Calculus (for Machine Learning and Beyond). Bright, Paige; Edelman, Alan; Johnson, Steven G. (2025).
• NEPS Technical Report for Reading: Scaling Results of Starting Cohort 8 for Grade 5. Technical Report (NEPS Survey Paper No. 117), Gnambs, Timo (2025).
• NEPS Technical Report for Reading: Scaling Results of Starting Cohort 8 for Grade 5 in Special Schools. Technical Report (NEPS Survey Paper No. 118), Gnambs, Timo (2025).
• NEPS Technical Report for Verbal and Nonverbal Reasoning: Scaling Results of Starting Cohort 8 for Grade 5 in Special Schools. Technical Report (NEPS Survey Paper No. 119), Gnambs, Timo (2025).
• NEPS Technical Report: Implementation of the ISCED‐2011, CASMIN and Years of Education Classification Schemes in SUF Starting Cohort 8 Pelz, Sven in NEPS Research Data Documentation Series (2025). Leibniz Institute for Educational Trajectories, National Educational Panel Study, Bamberg, Germany.
• LLMs can’t stop making up software dependencies and sabotaging everything. Claburn, Thomas (2025).

  The rise of LLM-powered code generation tools is reshaping how developers write software - and introducing new risks to the software supply chain in the process. These AI coding assistants, like large language models in general, have a habit of hallucinating. They suggest code that incorporates software packages that don't exist. ... Running that code should result in an error when importing a non-existent package. But miscreants have realized that they can hijack the hallucination for their own benefit.
• Computational and Experimental Study of Effective Chemical Time-Scale for Flame Wrinkling in Hydrogen Engines. Bose, S.; Ye, P.; Chu, H.; Böhm, B.; Pitsch, H. (2025).
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel (2025).
• An Explorative Diary Study of AI-Generated Podcasts in University Education: Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions. Benner, Dennis; Rauch, Jannik; Janson, Andreas; Leimeister, Jan Marco (2025).

  In this study, we explore the potential of AI-generated podcasts as an educational tool in the evolving landscape of learning media. Podcasts have grown increasingly relevant in education due to their accessibility and ability to integrate learning into everyday life. With the advent of generative artificial Intelligence (AI), there is a unique opportunity for scalable and adaptable creation of learning media. However, with novel technology, there also come new challenges. Thus, we developed fine-tuned AI-generated podcasts using Google NotebookLM, our course materials, and a custom prompt. We conducted a one-month explorative evaluation in the field using a qualitative diary study. Our study reveals that students find the podcasts beneficial for flexible everyday learning but also point toward challenges like a lack of emotional engagement and technical non-English language issues. In sum, our study highlights the current benefits and challenges of AI-generated podcasts and presents an agenda for future research.
• Dynamic bismuth clusters in an ionic conducting copper iodide matrix. Carrillo-Aravena, Eduardo; Romaka, Vitaliy; Ruck, Michael (2025). n/a(n/a) 2500027.

  Black, apparently air-stable crystals of (Bi9)[Cu8I13], is grown by reacting Bi, Cu, and BiI3 in an evacuated, sealed silica ampoule. At room temperature, the structure exhibits eight formula units of largely disordered (Bi9)5+ polycations, which appear as hollow spheres of inhomogeneously distributed electron density on a temporal and spatial average. The clusters are embedded in a disordered 3D framework of iodidocuprate(I) tetrahedra. The structure adopts the centrosymmetric space group Fm3¯\\($\bar3\$\)c and can be described as a filling variant of the NaZn13 structure type with Cu+ cations distributed across the numerous tetrahedral voids. At 100 K, the crystal structure is fully ordered and adopts the noncentrosymmetric, monoclinic space group Cc with pseudocubic metrics. The (Bi9)5+ cluster has the rarely observed shape of a capped square antiprism. The disorder in the [Cu8I13]5− part indicates mobility of the copper(I) cations. Impedance measurements reveal poor electronic conductivity and a weak ionic conductivity of 5 × 10−5 S cm−1 at room temperature. The electronic band structure shows a wide gap between the bonding and antibonding states of the [Cu8I13]5− framework, in which molecular states of the bismuth polycations are located, reducing the bandgap to about 0.80 eV.
• Towards complexity of primary-deformed Virasoro circuits. Erdmenger, Johanna; Kastikainen, Jani; Schuhmann, Tim (2025). 2025(3) 127.

  The Fubini-Study metric is a central element of information geometry. We explore the role played by information geometry for determining the circuit complexity of Virasoro circuits and their deformations. To this effect, we study unitary quantum circuits generated by the Virasoro algebra and Fourier modes of a primary operator. Such primary-deformed Virasoro circuits can be realized in two-dimensional conformal field theories, where they provide models of inhomogeneous global quenches. We consider a cost function induced by the Fubini-Study metric and provide a universal expression for its time-evolution to quadratic order in the primary deformation for general source profiles. For circuits generated by the Virasoro zero mode and a primary, we obtain a non-zero cost only if spatial inhomogeneities are sufficiently large. In this case, we find that the cost saturates when the source becomes time-independent. The exact saturation value is determined by the history of the source profile. As a byproduct, returning to undeformed circuits, we relate the Fubini-Study metric to the Kähler metric on a coadjoint orbit of the Virasoro group.
• Impact of temporal correlations, coherence, and postselection on two-photon interference. Cardoso, Fernando Redivo; Lee, Jaewon; Checchinato, Riccardo; Littmann, Jan-Heinrich; De Gregorio, Marco; Höfling, Sven; Schneider, Christian; Villas-Boas, Celso J.; Predojević, Ana (2025). 7(1) 013190.
• Krylov space approach to singular value decomposition in non-Hermitian systems. Nandy, Pratik; Pathak, Tanay; Xian, Zhuo-Yu; Erdmenger, Johanna (2025). 111(6) 064203.
• Paradigm for finding d-electron heavy fermions: The case of Cr-doped CsFe\($_\mathbf2$\)As\($_\mathbf2$\). Crispino, Matteo; Arribi, Pablo Villar; Shukla, Anmol; Hardy, Frédéric; Haghighirad, Amir-Abbas; Wolf, Thomas; Heid, Rolf; Merz, Michael; Meingast, Christoph; Gorni, Tommaso; Avella, Adolfo; de’ Medici, Luca (2025). 134(7) 076504.
• Exciton diffusion in two-dimentional chiral perovskites. Terres, Sophia; Scalon, Lucas; Brunner, Julius; Horneber, Dominik; Düreth, Johannes; Huang, Shiyu; Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; Nogueira, Ana Flávia; Höfling, Sven; Klembt, Sebastian; Vaynzof, Yana; Chernikov, Alexey (2025). 13(11) 2402606.

  Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites emerged as a versatile platform for light-emitting and photovoltaic applications due to their unique structural design and chemical flexibility. Their properties depend heavily on the choice of the inorganic lead halide framework and the surrounding organic layers. Recently, the introduction of chiral cations into 2D perovskites has attracted major interest to induce chirality and tune the chiro-optical response. Importantly, their optical properties are dominated by tightly bound excitons that also serve as primary carriers for energy transport. The mobility of photo-injected excitons is thus important from the perspectives of fundamental material properties and optoelectronic applications, yet remains an open question. Here, exciton propagation in 2D chiral perovskites is demonstrated using transient photoluminescence microscopy and density-dependent transport over more than 100 nanometers at room temperature is revealed with diffusion coefficients as high as 2 cm2 s−1. Two distinct regimes of initially rapid propagation and subsequent localization are observed. Moreover, perovskites with enantiomer pure cations exhibit faster exciton diffusion than the racemic mixture, correlated with the impact of the material composition on the disorder. Altogether, the observations of efficient exciton diffusion highlight the potential of 2D chiral perovskites to merge chiro-optical properties with strong light-matter interaction and energy transport.
• Chirality in the kagome metal CsV\($_\mathbf3$\)Sb\($_\mathbf5$\). Elmers, H. J.; Tkach, O.; Lytvynenko, Y.; Yogi, P.; Schmitt, M.; Biswas, D.; Liu, J.; Chernov, S. V.; Nguyen, Quynh; Hoesch, M.; Kutnyakhov, D.; Wind, N.; Wenthaus, L.; Scholz, M.; Rossnagel, K.; Gloskovskii, A.; Schlueter, C.; Winkelmann, A.; Haghighirad, A.-A.; Lee, T.-L.; Sing, M.; Claessen, R.; Le Tacon, M.; Demsar, J.; Schönhense, G.; Fedchenko, O. (2025). 134(9) 096401.
• Effect of the Hubbard interaction on the quantum metric. Sukhachov, Pavlo; Aase, Niels Henrik; Mæland, Kristian; Sudbø, Asle (2025). 111(8) 085143.
• Phase-dependent supercurrent and microwave dissipation of HgTe quantum well Josephson junctions. Liu, Wei; Piatrusha, Stanislau U.; Fürst, Lena; Lunczer, Lukas; Borzenko, Tatiana; Stehno, Martin P.; Molenkamp, Laurens W. (2025). 111(10) 104503.
• Second-order nonlinear piezo-optic properties of single crystal lithium niobate thin films. Pionteck, Mike N.; Roeper, Matthias; Koppitz, Boris; Seddon, Samuel D.; Rüsing, Michael; Padberg, Laura; Eigner, Christof; Silberhorn, Christine; Sanna, Simone; Eng, Lukas M. (2025). 111(6) 064109.
• Inner non-Hermitian skin effect on the Bethe lattice. Sun, Junsong; Li, Chang-An; Li, Peilin; Feng, Shiping; Guo, Huaiming (2025). 111(7) 075120.
• 2-form U(1) spin liquids: A classical model and quantum aspects. Chung, Kristian Tyn Kai; Gingras, Michel J. P. (2025). 111(6) 064417.
• Observation of the spiral spin liquid in a triangular-lattice material. Andriushin, N. D.; Nikitin, S. E.; Fjellvåg, Ø. S.; White, J. S.; Podlesnyak, A.; Inosov, D. S.; Rahn, M. C.; Schmidt, M.; Baenitz, M.; Sukhanov, A. S. (2025). 16(1) 2619.

  The spiral spin liquid (SSL) is a highly degenerate state characterized by a continuous contour or surface in reciprocal space spanned by a spiral propagation vector. Although the SSL state has been predicted in a number of various theoretical models, very few materials are so far experimentally identified to host such a state. Via combined single-crystal wide-angle and small-angle neutron scattering, we report observation of the SSL in the quasi-two-dimensional delafossite-like AgCrSe2. We show that it is a very close realization of the ideal Heisenberg J1--J2--J3 frustrated model on the triangular lattice. By supplementing our experimental results with microscopic spin-dynamics simulations, we demonstrate how such exotic magnetic states are driven by thermal fluctuations and exchange frustration.
• Continuum of magnetic excitations in the Kitaev honeycomb iridate D\($_\mathbf3$\)LiIr\($_\mathbf2$\)O\($_\mathbf6$\). Halloran, Thomas; Wang, Yishu; Plumb, K. W.; Stone, M. B.; Winn, Barry; Graves-Brook, M. K.; Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.; Qiu, Yiming; Chauhan, Prashant; Knolle, Johannes; Moessner, Roderich; Armitage, N. P.; Takayama, Tomohiro; Takagi, Hidenori; Broholm, Collin (2025). 10(1) 35.

  Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements of powder D3(7Li)(193Ir)2O6 reveal low energy magnetic excitations with a scattering cross-section that is broad in ∣Q∣ and energy transfer. The magnetic nature of the excitation spectrum is demonstrated by longitudinally polarized neutron scattering. The total magnetic moment of 1.8(4)\($\mu$\)B/Ir inferred from the observed magnetic scattering cross-section is consistent with the effective moment inferred from magnetic susceptibility data and expectations for the Jeffthinspace=thinspace1/2 single ion state. The rise in the dynamic correlation function \\($\$\)\\backslashmathcal\S\\(Q,\backslashomega )\\($\$\)for ℏ\($\omega$\)thinspace
• Bulk and surface electron scattering in disordered Bi\($_\mathbf2$\)Te\($_\mathbf3$\) probed by quasiparticle interference. Nagorkin, V.; Schimmel, S.; Gebauer, P.; Isaeva, A.; Baumann, D.; Koitzsch, A.; Büchner, B.; Hess, C. (2025). 111(11) 115111.
• Chaos and integrability in triangular billiards. Balasubramanian, Vijay; Nath Das, Rathindra; Erdmenger, Johanna; Xian, Zhuo-Yu (2025). 2025(3) 033202.

  We characterize quantum dynamics in triangular billiards in terms of five properties: (1) the level spacing ratio (LSR), (2) spectral complexity (SC), (3) Lanczos coefficient variance, (4) energy eigenstate localisation in the Krylov basis, and (5) dynamical growth of spread complexity. The billiards we study are classified as integrable, pseudointegrable or non-integrable, depending on their internal angles which determine properties of classical trajectories and associated quantum spectral statistics. A consistent picture emerges when transitioning from integrable to non-integrable triangles: (1) average LSRs increase; (2) SC growth slows down; (3) Lanczos coefficient variances decrease; (4) energy eigenstates delocalize in the Krylov basis; and (5) spread complexity increases, displaying a peak prior to a plateau instead of recurrences. Pseudo-integrable triangles deviate by a small amount in these characteristics from non-integrable ones, which in turn approximate models from the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE). Isosceles pseudointegrable and non-integrable triangles have independent sectors that are symmetric and antisymmetric under a reflection symmetry. These sectors separately reproduce characteristics of the GOE, even though the combined system approximates characteristics expected from integrable theories with Poisson distributed spectra.
• Field dependence of the spin Hall effect in organic polymers from polaron transport. Zhang, X. B.; Wang, C.; Ma, H.; Zhang, H. Q.; Ren, J. F.; Timm, C.; Hu, G. C. (2025). 111(10) 104305.
• Emergent chiral metal near a Kondo breakdown quantum phase transition. Drechsler, Tom; Vojta, Matthias (2025). 134(10) 106503.
• Strain-induced enhancement of the charge density wave in the kagome metal ScV\($_\mathbf6$\)Sn\($_\mathbf6$\). Tuniz, Manuel; Consiglio, Armando; Pokharel, Ganesh; Parmigiani, Fulvio; Neupert, Titus; Thomale, Ronny; Chaluvadi, Sandeep Kumar; Orgiani, Pasquale; Sangiovanni, Giorgio; Wilson, Stephen D.; Vobornik, Ivana; Salvador, Federico; Cilento, Federico; Di Sante, Domenico; Mazzola, Federico (2025). 134(6) 066501.
• Large Nernst effect in Te-based van der Waals materials. Behnami, M.; Gillig, M.; Moghaddam, A. G.; Efremov, D. V.; Shipunov, G.; Piening, B. R.; Morozov, I. V.; Aswartham, S.; Dufouleur, J.; Ochkan, K.; Zemen, J.; Kocsis, V.; Hess, C.; Putti, M.; Büchner, B.; Caglieris, F.; Reichlova, H. (2025). 7(2) 023009.
• Period-doubling in the phase dynamics of a shunted HgTe quantum well Josephson junction. Liu, Wei; Piatrusha, Stanislau U.; Liang, Xianhu; Upadhyay, Sandeep; Fürst, Lena; Gould, Charles; Kleinlein, Johannes; Buhmann, Hartmut; Stehno, Martin P.; Molenkamp, Laurens W. (2025). 16(1) 3068.

  The fractional AC Josephson effect is a discerning property of topological superconductivity in hybrid Josephson junctions. Recent experimental observations of missing odd Shapiro steps and half Josephson frequency emission in various materials have sparked significant debate regarding their potential origin in the effect. In this study, we present microwave emission measurements on a resistively shunted Josephson junction based on a HgTe quantum well. We demonstrate that, with significant spurious inductance in the shunt wiring, the experiment operates in a nonlinear dynamic regime characterized by period-doubling. This leads to additional microwave emission peaks at half of the Josephson frequency, fJ/2, which can mimic the 4\($\pi$\)-periodicity of topological Andreev states. The observed current-voltage characteristics and emission spectra are well-described by a simple RCLSJ model. Furthermore, we show that the nonlinear dynamics of the junction can be controlled using gate voltage, magnetic field, and temperature, with our model accurately reproducing these effects without incorporating any topological attributes. Our observations urge caution in interpreting emission at fJ/2 as evidence for gapless Andreev bound states in topological junctions and suggest the appropriate parameter range for future experiments.
• Van Hove tuning of Fermi surface instabilities through compensated metallicity. Hohmann, Hendrik; Dürrnagel, Matteo; Bunney, Matthew; Enzner, Stefan; Schwemmer, Tilman; Neupert, Titus; Sangiovanni, Giorgio; Rachel, Stephan; Thomale, Ronny (2025). 111(12) L121105.
• Monopole magnetohydrodynamics on a plane: Magnetosonic waves and dynamo instability. Banerjee, Debarghya; Moessner, Roderich; Surówka, Piotr (2025). 111(16) 165104.
• Context-aware and Style-related Incremental Decoding Framework for Discourse-Level Literary Translation. Luo, Yuanchang; Guo, Jiaxin; Wei, Daimeng; Shang, Hengchao; Li, Zongyao; Wu, Zhanglin; Rao, Zhiqiang; Li, Shaojun; Yang, Jinlong; Yang, Hao B. Haddow, T. Kocmi, P. Koehn, C. Monz (eds.) (2024). 973–979.
• Machine Translation Advancements of Low-Resource Indian Languages by Transfer Learning. Wei, Bin; Zheng, Jiawei; Li, Zongyao; Wu, Zhanglin; Guo, Jiaxin; Wei, Daimeng; Rao, Zhiqiang; Li, Shaojun; Luo, Yuanchang; Shang, Hengchao; Yang, Jinlong; Xie, Yuhao; Yang, Hao B. Haddow, T. Kocmi, P. Koehn, C. Monz (eds.) (2024). 775–780.
• Choose the Final Translation from NMT and LLM Hypotheses Using MBR Decoding: HW-TSC’s Submission to the WMT24 General MT Shared Task. Wu, Zhanglin; Wei, Daimeng; Li, Zongyao; Shang, Hengchao; Guo, Jiaxin; Li, Shaojun; Rao, Zhiqiang; Luo, Yuanchang; Xie, Ning; Yang, Hao B. Haddow, T. Kocmi, P. Koehn, C. Monz (eds.) (2024). 155–164.
• Improving Context Usage for Translating Bilingual Customer Support Chat with Large Language Models. Pombal, José; Agrawal, Sweta; Martins, André F. T. B. Haddow, T. Kocmi, P. Koehn, C. Monz (eds.) (2024). 993–1003.
• Leveraging LLM Reasoning Enhances Personalized Recommender Systems. Tsai, Alicia Y.; Kraft, Adam; Jin, Long; Cai, Chenwei; Hosseini, Anahita; Xu, Taibai; Zhang, Zemin; Hong, Lichan; Chi, Ed H.; Yi, Xinyang (2024).
• Multilingual Transfer and Domain Adaptation for Low-Resource Languages of Spain. Luo, Yuanchang; Wu, Zhanglin; Wei, Daimeng; Shang, Hengchao; Li, Zongyao; Guo, Jiaxin; Rao, Zhiqiang; Li, Shaojun; Yang, Jinlong; Xie, Yuhao; Zheng, Jiawei; Wei, Bin; Yang, Hao B. Haddow, T. Kocmi, P. Koehn, C. Monz (eds.) (2024). 949–954.
• Tower v2: Unbabel-IST 2024 Submission for the General MT Shared Task. Rei, Ricardo; Pombal, José; Guerreiro, Nuno Miguel; Alves, João; Martins, Pedro Henrique; Fernandes, Patrick; Wu, Helena; Vaz, Tânia; Alves, Duarte M.; Farajian, M. Amin; Agrawal, Sweta; Farinhas, António; de Souza, José Guilherme Camargo; Martins, André F. T. B. Haddow, T. Kocmi, P. Koehn, C. Monz (eds.) (2024). 185–204.
• Regression Aware Inference with LLMs. Lukasik, Michal; Narasimhan, Harikrishna; Menon, Aditya Krishna; Yu, Felix X.; Kumar, Sanjiv Y. Al-Onaizan, M. Bansal, Y.-N. Chen (eds.) (2024). 13667–13678.
• xTower: A Multilingual LLM for Explaining and Correcting Translation Errors. Treviso, Marcos V.; Guerreiro, Nuno Miguel; Agrawal, Sweta; Rei, Ricardo; Pombal, José; Vaz, Tânia; Wu, Helena; Silva, Beatriz; van Stigt, Daan; Martins, André F. T. Y. Al-Onaizan, M. Bansal, Y.-N. Chen (eds.) (2024). 15222–15239.
• A Saturation-Free 3.6V/1.8V DM/CM Input Range 46.6mV/μs Artifacts Recovery Sensor Interface using CT Track-and-Zoom. Cai, Qiao; Xu, Xinzi; Suo, Yanxing; Qian, Guanghua; Li, Yongfu; Wang, Guoxing; Lian, Yong; Zhao, Yang (2024). 1–2.
• The TESCREAL bundle: Eugenics and the promise of utopia through artificial general intelligence. Gebru, Timnit; Torres, Émile P. (2024). 29(4)

  The stated goal of many organizations in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is to develop artificial general intelligence (AGI), an imagined system with more intelligence than anything we have ever seen. Without seriously questioning whether such a system can and should be built, researchers are working to create “safe AGI” that is “beneficial for all of humanity.” We argue that, unlike systems with specific applications which can be evaluated following standard engineering principles, undefined systems like “AGI” cannot be appropriately tested for safety. Why, then, is building AGI often framed as an unquestioned goal in the field of AI? In this paper, we argue that the normative framework that motivates much of this goal is rooted in the Anglo-American eugenics tradition of the twentieth century. As a result, many of the very same discriminatory attitudes that animated eugenicists in the past (e.g., racism, xenophobia, classism, ableism, and sexism) remain widespread within the movement to build AGI, resulting in systems that harm marginalized groups and centralize power, while using the language of “safety” and “benefiting humanity” to evade accountability. We conclude by urging researchers to work on defined tasks for which we can develop safety protocols, rather than attempting to build a presumably all-knowing system such as AGI.
• A ResNet-Based DVFS Regulator for Heterogeneous Multi-Core Mobile Processors. Hu, Shibo; Xu, Xinzi; Chen, Yuze; Qin, Muyun; Lian, Yong; Zhao, Yang (2024). 1274–1277.
• Unveiling Challenges and Opportunities in Low Code Development Platforms: A StackOverflow Analysis. Elshan, Edona; Bruhin, Olivia; Schmidt, Niklas; Simeon, Dominik; Kedziora, Damian (2024).

  As the rapidly expanding digital transformations at multiple organizations require development of growing number of software solutions, low code development platforms (LCDPs) started to be widely used by pretrained business users, in such use-cases as process automation and rapid application development. Our study explores the challenges of LCDPs use for developers, by investigating 30 000 of their posts at one of the most prominent fora StackOverflow. It is conducted with text-mining approaches, primarily Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), aiming to identify challenges for users of LCDPs. As they were from the areas of visualization, third-party integration, database and table management, datatype conversion, programming languages, and file handling, we further discussed them to propose possible enhancements for users of LCDPs.
• Feld- und Methodenbericht. NEPS-Startkohorte 1 – Haupterhebung 2023, Teilstudie B156 Müller, Theresa (2023). Bonn, Germany: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH.
• The Development of Real-Time Energy Consumption Monitoring using IoT. Pagaduan, Lyndel Jean L. (2023).

  Purpose – This paper aims to understand how students experience the search tools Google Scholar and Metalib and the role of prior instruction. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 32 undergraduate students searched academic articles for their thesis work. Searches were recorded using Morae software and were analysed along with the number of articles saved and responses to a questionnaire. All searched with both tools. Half of the students received training before searching. Findings – Google Scholar performed better in almost all measures. Training had a positive effect on the amount and quality of articles saved. Responses to Google Scholar were more positive than to Metalib. However, the students were not overwhelmingly enthusiastic about either of the tools. Research limitations/implications – Each Metalib implementation is to some extent unique, which limits the extent to which results can be generalised to other implementations. Practical implications – Training is valuable for both tools. The user interface to Metalib does not conform with students' expectations and needs further improvement. Both tools strive to be a first alternative search tool for academic literature but neither performed well enough in this study to recommend it to be used in that role in an academic library setting. Originality/value – These tools are important to academic libraries but few user studies have been published, particularly on Google Scholar. To one's knowledge no other user study on these tools has looked at the effects of instruction. Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Research methods, Search engines, Students, User interfaces
• A 12-Lead ECG Delineation Algorithm based on a Quantized CNN-BiLSTM Auto-encoder with 1-12 Mapping. Xu, Xinzi; Cai, Qiao; Wang, Hongqian; Suo, Yanxing; Zhao, Yang; Wan, Tianwei; Wang, Guoxing; Lian, Yong (2023). 1–5.
• Feld- und Methodenbericht. NEPS-Startkohorte 4 (Schulabgänger und individuell nachverfolgte Schüler) – Haupterhebung 2022/2023, Teilstudie B158 Malina, Aneta; Wefelmeyer, Dina Magdalena; Ruland, Michael; Aust, Folkert (2023). Bonn, Germany: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH.
• Feld- und Methodenbericht. NEPS-Startkohorte 5 – 12. Haupterhebung CATI/CAWI, Sommer/Herbst 2022, Teilstudie B162 Weiß, Thomas; Feseker, Tabea (2023). Bonn, Germany: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH.
• The acronym behind our wildest AI dreams and nightmares. Torres, Émile P. (2023).

  To understand the deepening divide between AI boosters and doomers, it’s necessary to unpack their common origins in a bundle of ideologies known as TESCREAL.
• Feld- und Methodenbericht. NEPS-Startkohorte 6 (Erwachsene) – Haupterhebung 2022/2023, Teilstudie B158 Malina, Aneta; Wefelmeyer, Dina Magdalena; Ruland, Michael; Aust, Folkert (2023). Bonn, Germany: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH.
• Survey on Imbalanced Data, Representation Learning and SEP Forecasting. Moukpe, Josias (2023).
• NEPS Technical Report: Implementation of the ISCED‐97, CASMIN and Years of Education Classification Schemes in SUF Starting Cohort 4 Pelz, Sven in NEPS Research Data Documentation Series (2023). Leibniz Institute for Educational Trajectories, National Educational Panel Study, Bamberg, Germany.
• NEPS Technical Report: Implementation of the ISCED‐97, CASMIN and Years of Education Classification Schemes in SUF Starting Cohort 1 Pelz, Sven in NEPS Research Data Documentation Series (2023). Leibniz Institute for Educational Trajectories, National Educational Panel Study, Bamberg, Germany.
• Die Messung von Bildung bei Migrantinnen und Migranten in Umfragen Schneider, Silke; Chincarini, Elena; Liebau, Elisabeth; Ortmanns, Verena; Pagel, Lisa; Schönmoser, Carina (2023).
• A 2.67GΩ 454nVrms 14.9μW Dry-Electrode Enabled ECG-on-Chip with Arrhythmia Detection. Xu, Xinzi; Suo, Yanxing; Zhou, Peiyi; Han, Xiao; Cai, Qiao; Wang, Guoxing; Lian, Yong; Zhao, Yang (2023). 1–2.
• Feld- und Methodenbericht. NEPS-Startkohorte 2 – Haupterhebung in Jahrgangsstufe 9, Sommer 2021, Teilstudie B131_B Prussog-Wagner, Angela; von der Burg, Julian; Malina, Aneta; Aust, Folkert; Eggs, Johannes (2022). Bonn, Germany: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH.
• Feld- und Methodenbericht. NEPS-Startkohorte 3 (Schulabgänger und individuell nachverfolgte Schüler) – Haupterhebung 2021, Teilstudie B157 Malina, Aneta; Link, Sebastian; Ruland, Michael; Aust, Folkert (2022). Bonn, Germany: infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH.
• Ideal Words: A Vector-Based Formalisation of Semantic Competence. Herbelot, Aurélie; Copestake, Ann A. (2021). 35(3) 271–290.

  In this theoretical paper, we consider the notion of semantic competence and its relation to general language understanding---one of the most sough-after goals of Artificial Intelligence. We come back to three main accounts of competence involving (a) lexical knowledge; (b) truth-theoretic reference; and (c) causal chains in language use. We argue that all three are needed to reach a notion of meaning in artificial agents and suggest that they can be combined in a single formalisation, where competence develops from exposure to observable performance data. We introduce a theoretical framework which translates set theory into vector-space semantics by applying distributional techniques to a corpus of utterances associated with truth values. The resulting meaning space naturally satisfies the requirements of a causal theory of competence, but it can also be regarded as some `ideal' model of the world, allowing for extensions and standard lexical relations to be retrieved.
• A Peripheral Tactile Feedback System for Lateral Epicondilytus Rehabilitation Exercise. Ferguson, Jamie Iona; Paul, Lorna; Brewster, Stephen A. Y. Kitamura, A. Quigley, K. Isbister, T. Igarashi (eds.) (2021). 263:1–263:6.
• A Computationally Efficient, Hardware Re-configurable Architecture for QRS Detection and ECG authentication. Yan, Weihong; Ji, Yuxin; Ma, Ce; Hu, Lining; Zhao, Yang; Li, Yongfu; Wang, Guoxing; Lian, Yong (2021). 1–2.
• Der ewige Faschismus Eco, Umberto (2020). Carl Hanser Verlag, München.

  Faschismus und Totalitarismus, Integration und Intoleranz, Migration und Europa, Identität, das Eigene und das Fremde - die zentralen Begriffe in Umberto Ecos fünf Essays könnten kaum aktueller sein. Gerade in ihrer zeitlichen Distanz zeigt sich die Stärke von Ecos Gedanken: Losgelöst vom tagesaktuellen Geschehen, scheinen in ihnen die überzeitlichen Strukturen auf, die unserem Denken und Handeln zugrunde liegen. Präzise, wortgewandt und gespickt mit persönlichen Erinnerungen rufen seine Texte die komplexe Geschichte der Herausforderungen wach, vor denen wir heute stehen.
• Towards Developing Trust-Supporting Design Features for AI-based Chatbots in Customer Service. Zierau, Naim; Hausch, Michael; Bruhin, Olivia; Söllner, Matthias (2020).

  Chatbots are predicted to play a key role in customer service based on recent advances in the area of Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, a lack of user trust impedes the wide-spread adaption of AI-based chatbots. Still, there is a lack of systematically derived design knowledge concerning user trust in those agents. In this short paper, we report on the first steps of our design science research project on which design principles are relevant for building trust in chatbots. Based on trust literature and user interviews, we propose preliminary requirements and design principles for trust-enhancing design features for chatbots in customer service. Furthermore, we present a first instantiation of those principles. These insights will support researchers and practitioners to better understand how user trust in chatbots can be systematically built to increase adoption and usage.
• Modulating Personal Audio to Convey Information. Ferguson, Jamie Iona; Brewster, Stephen A. R. L. Mandryk, S. A. Brewster, M. Hancock, G. Fitzpatrick, A. L. Cox, V. Kostakos, M. Perry (eds.) (2019).
• The art of statistics learning from data Spiegelhalter, David J. (2019). Pelican, UK.
• Auto Generation of High-Performance Fixed-Point Multiplier for Artificial Neural Networks. Zhao, Yang; Shang, Zhongxia; Lian, Yong (2019). 1–5.
• Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmias Based on Artificial Neural Networks and Continuous-in-Time Discrete-in-Amplitude Signal Flow. Zhao, Yang; Lin, Simon; Shang, Zhongxia; Lian, Yong (2019). 175–178.
• Bridging Data Silos Using Big Data Integration. Patel, Jayesh (2019). 11(3) 01–09.

  With cloud computing, cheap storage and technology advancements, an enterprise uses multiple applications to operate business functions. Applications are not limited to just transactions, customer service, sales, finance but they also include security, application logs, marketing, engineering, operations, HR and many more. Each business vertical uses multiple applications which generate a huge amount of data. On top of that, social media, IoT sensors, SaaS solutions, and mobile applications record exponential growth in data volume. In almost all enterprises, data silos exist through these applications. These applications can produce structured, semi-structured, or unstructured data at different velocity and in different volume. Having all data sources integrated and generating timely insights helps in overall decision making. With recent development in Big Data Integration, data silos can be managed better and it can generate tremendous value for enterprises. Big data integration offers flexibility, speed and scalability for integrating large data sources. It also offers tools to generate analytical insights which can help stakeholders to make effective decisions. This paper presents the overview on data silos, challenges with data silos and how big data integration can help to stun them.
• Investigating Perceptual Congruence between Data and Display Dimensions in Sonification. Ferguson, Jamie Iona; Brewster, Stephen A. R. L. Mandryk, M. Hancock, M. Perry, A. L. Cox (eds.) (2018). 611.
• Heuristic Active Learning for the Prediction of Epileptic Seizures Using Single EEG Channel. Marques, Joao M. C.; Cerdeira, Hilda A.; Tanaka, Edgar; de Vitor, Conrado; Gómez, Paula H. J. Zheng, Z. Callejas, D. Griol, H. Wang, X. Hu, H. H. H. W. Schmidt, J. Baumbach, J. Dickerson, L. Zhang (eds.) (2018). 2628–2634.
• Exodus: die Revolution der Alten Welt Assmann, Jan (2015). C.H. Beck, München.

  Die Geschichte vom Auszug aus Ägypten ist eine der wirkmächtigsten Erzählungen der Menschheit. Sie steht für die Befreiung aus Sklaverei, aber auch für die Erfindung des Glaubens an den einen Gott. Jan Assmann verfolgt die Spuren der Exodus-Erzählung zurück bis ins Alte Ägypten und nach vorne bis ins 20. Jahrhundert. Er entfaltet eine neue Theorie des Monotheismus und zeigt, warum die Geschichte vom Auszug aus Ägypten auch die Gründungserzählung der modernen Welt ist.
• Beowulf : a translation and commentary, together with Sellic spell Tolkien, J. R. R.; Tolkien, Christopher (2014). HarperCollinsPublishers, London.
• Akira. Book four Ōtomo Katsuhiro; Umezawa, Yoko; Duffy, Jo (2010). (Vol. 4) Kodansha Comics, New York.
• Ur-Fascism. Eco, Umberto (1995).

  In his 1995 essay "Ur-Fascism", cultural theorist Umberto Eco lists fourteen general properties of fascist ideology.
• Travels with my aunt Greene, Graham in Vintage classics (1969). (Vol. 05) Vintage, London.
• Du développement à l’évolution au XIXe siècle Canguilhem, Georges (1962). Presses Universitaires de France, Paris.
• Systematic Packing of Spheres: With Particular Relation to Porosity and Permeability. Graton, L. C.; Fraser, H. J. (1935). 43(8, Part 1) 785–909.

  Geometrically systematic arrangements of uniform spheres are searchingly investigated in Part I. The relationships disclosed, important wherever orderly distribution of points or particles is involved, are here especially treated as the underlying principles of porosity and permeability. Besides packings denned respectively as "chaotic," "haphazard," and "chance," six cases of simple, systematic packing are recognized; two are orientation variants, but four are independent arrangements and include the two hitherto described: "loosest" and "tightest." Striking symmetries appear, and close analogies to crystal structure, including twinned and tripled arrangements. The unit void of each case is thoroughly explored and illustrated, since in it lies the key to porosity and permeability. The stability of the several cases and their probabilities of being formed indicate that Case 6, tightest or rhombohedral, is most favored, and this is abundantly confirmed by experiment. The commonest natural packing, however, comprises colonies of Case 6 packing strewn in a surrounding mesh of haphazard, the whole constituting chance packing; the practical consequences of such arrangement are discussed. Translation from one packing to another is treated, and its bearing on dilatation outlined. Part II considers permeability in all its relations to porosity, including the elements and degrees of dependence and independence. Geometry of the intersphere voids receives particular attention as affecting fluid flow through them; and plentiful graphs of the surprisingly complex void sections are shown, as well as of their integrated projections which somewhat influence rectilinear flow. Effect of assemblage orientation on flow is emphasized. Since permeability is of vectorial quality, every systematic assemblage of spheres is anisotropic with respect to permeability; therefore, if a single value is to be used for permeability, it must be the mean value.